THE PERSONAL Pronoun - Indirect Object Form							Homepage
	As Indirect Object		French	Italian	Portuguese	Romanian	Spanish	Translation
	Singular	1st Person	Me	Mi	Me	Îmi	Me	Me
		2nd Person	Te	Ti	Te	Îţi	Te	You
	Masculine	3rd Person	Lui	Gli	Lhe	Îi	Le	Him
	Feminine	3rd Person	Lui	Le	Lhe	Îi	Le	Her
	Objects	Impersonal	Y/En	Ne/Ci/Vi				It/There
	Plural	1st Person	Nous	Ci	Nós	Ne	Nos	Us
		2nd Person	Vous	Vi	Vocês	Vă	Os	You
	Masculine	3rd Person	Leur	Loro	Lhes	Le	Les	Them
	Feminine	3rd Person	Leur	Loro	Lhes	Le	Les	Them
	Objects	Impersonal	Y/En	Ne/Ci/Vi				Them/There
	How to Avoid Confusions?
	To determine whether you should use the direct object or the indirect object, you may remember this simple rule: the direct object answers to the questions what, whom, which? The indirect object answers to questions like to whom, about whom, about what, etc (the questions have a preposition).
	Example: I give you flowers. I is the subject, you is indirect object (to whom I give flowers?), and flowers is a direct object (what do I give?). Similarly, Yo le envio flores (Spanish: I give him/her flowers.) In other words, the direct object receives the action of the verb directly.
	Except for Romanian, in all four languages, the indirect object is equal to the direct object pronoun, except in the 3rd person.
	In all five languages, the indirect object pronoun precedes the conjugated verb, except loro in Italian.
	Examples: Il leur parle, but Parla loro (French/Italian: He speaks to them.)
	In Portugal, you may place the pronouns after the verb, if it stands alone. (Diz-lhe -- S/He tells him/her)
	In all five languages, the pronoun comes after a negation: No le digo (Spanish: I do not tell him/her).
	Except in French, the indirect object is attached to the infinitive, to the auxiliary verb in a compound infinitive, and to participles, but it can also be placed before the conjugated verb.
	Examples: Quiero preguntarle. (Spanish/French: I want to ask him/her.), but Je veux lui demander.
	In Portuguese, like in French, the pronoun may come before the verb (Pode me dizer?Can you tell me?)
	In all five languages, the direct object pronouns come after the verb in affirmative commands.
	Examples: Demandez-lui (French: Ask him).
	In French, please note that me and te become moi and toi: Demandez-moi (Ask me).
	En/Y -- Particulary of the French Language
	En and Y are personal pronouns that refer to objects. En replaces an expression with the preposition de.
	Y replaces an expression that starts with any preposition except de, for example à, dans, and sur.
	Examples: Je parle de ce livre. J'en parle. (I talk about this book. I talk about it.)
	Nous partons à Paris. Nous y partons. (We leave for Paris. We leave for it.)
	BUT Je parle de Simon. Je parle de lui. (I speak about Simon. I speak about him.) -- Simon is a person.
	Ne/Ci/Vi -- Particularity of the Italian Language
	Ne is used to replace the adverb there and all prepositional expressions. (Non ne ho bisogno -- I have no
	need of it). Ci and vi are used to replace an expression beginning with the preposition a (Ci penso/I think
	about it), as well as the adverb there (Ci vado/ I am going there).
	When both direct and indirect object pronouns are used, the indirect object comes first, except in French for lui and leur.
	Examples: Les lo conta, but Il le leur raconte. (Spanish/French: He tells it to them.)
	In French, y and en come last. Example: Nous parlons à tout le monde de ce livre à Paris. Nous leur y en parlons.
	(We tell everyone about this book in Paris. We tell them about it in Paris.)
	In Portuguese, the indirect and direct object pronouns contract to mo, ma, mos, mas (me with o, a, os, as), to, ta, tos, tas (te with o, a, os, as), to lho, lha, lhos, lhas (lhe and lhes with o, a, os, as), to no-lo, no-la, no-los, no-las (nos with o, a, os, as), and to vo-lo, vo-la, vo-los, vo-las (vos with o, a, os, as).
	In Spanish, the indirect object pronouns le and les change to se when followed by lo, la, los, and las.
	Example: Yo se lo digo. (I tell it to him/her/them.)
	Similarly, in Italian, ALL indirect object pronouns change, when followed by lo, la, li, le, and ne.
	Mi becomes me; ti becomes te; ci --> ce; vi --> ve; gli --> glie; ne --> ni.
	Examples: Ce lo dà. (Italian: S/he gives it to us.)